Sao Paulo - The biggest question for Thursday's opening match of the World Cup isn't whether host Brazil can beat Croatia but how the unfinished and troublesome Itaquerao stadium will hold up in its first ever encounter with a full-capacity crowd.
Will everything work? More importantly, will the 61 600 spectators be safe? Not even World Cup organisers can be totally sure. Because of chronic delays, worker deaths and other problems during its construction, the new arena has never been match-tested at close to full capacity.
Heads of state, VIPs and other lucky ticket holders will, like it or not, become guinea pigs by making up the first crowd to completely fill the stadium and put full strain on all its facilities, safety plans and equipment, managers and staff.
“If that was me who had to run that event, I'd be extremely nervous,” said John Beattie, president of the European Stadium and Safety Management Association, an industry group of sports-venue executives.
Alarmingly, seemingly lax security at and around the Itaquerao allowed an Associated Press reporter to wander freely this week through unfinished and empty rooms, electrical rooms and uncompleted executive suites. Exposed wires and unfitted lights hung from ceilings. Corridors and other areas smelling strongly of plaster, paint and glue were clogged with uninstalled furniture and fittings, piled up crates of catering equipment and construction materials waiting to be carted away.
Not once in more than two hours on Tuesday - some 48 hours before the stadium fills for the opening match - did anyone ask or challenge the reporter as he explored multiple floors, in areas on all four sides of the stadium and in unfinished hospitality tents outside where sponsors and organisers will host guests and clients. Only once, at the perimeter fence when entering the stadium complex, were the reporter's credentials and heavy bag scanned.
“That's outrageous,” said Lou Elliston, an inspector at the Sports Grounds Safety Authority, a British government regulator of football venues in England and Wales. She oversaw the openings of the renovated Wembley Stadium in London and the new Emirates Stadium that Arsenal moved to in 2006.
“It's just unthinkable. You could not wander around Wembley. You would just come across doors that you couldn't get through. That is a big issue.”
“It's a security risk, if nothing else,” she added. “The stadium has got to be locked down and secure.”
Beattie added: “For an event of that nature you'd think it would be shut down, you know, a month ago.”
Corinthians, the club that will use it after the World Cup, said the venue received all the necessary permits from local authorities for the opening game. Fifa didn't immediately respond to emailed questions. Brazilian World Cup organisers said inspections “for the safety and security licenses have been completed in line with standard Brazilian procedures.”
“All will be in place for the opening match,” the organising committee said in a one-paragraph statement.
Inside the arena, one corridor behind an open door marked “Medical Room” in fact led to a completely empty room. Electrical wires poked out from walls and ceilings. Safety barriers to prevent people from tumbling onto seated spectators waited under plastic to be fitted.
In temporary tented areas just outside the stadium where sponsors will welcome guests, sink units in washrooms were strewn on the floor or leaned drunkenly against each other, awaiting plumbers. One main stadium entrance was cluttered with piles of unfitted furniture and other fittings under plastic wraps.
Workers were beavering away. By the end of the day, outside lighting that was lying on the ground just hours earlier was installed and working.
“That doesn't sound like tidying up work to me. That sounds like 'you're still struggling to get the place open' work,” said Beattie.
Just two official matches - both Brazilian league games - were held at the Itaquerao to test its readiness before the World Cup opener which, Fifa says, could draw a global television audience of 1 billion. Corinthians also hosted an exhibition match of past and present players that drew nearly 20 000 people to the Itaquerao on May 10, but that didn't involve either Fifa or Brazilian World Cup organisers.
Last month, Fifa Secretary General Jerome Valcke tweeted that it is “vital for us that all facilities will be tested under full match conditions,” including temporary seating installed for the World Cup. Yet no test match at the Itaquerao had more than 37 000 people - just 60 percent capacity.
“That just seems too low to me,” said Beattie. “You need to have comfort that that event is going to work. And I wouldn't, in that scenario, have that much comfort.”
The two steep banks of temporary seating tacked on at both ends of the stadium haven't been fully tested in a match. Brazilian authorities inspected and cleared those stands for use, but only one of them was used in the final test match with spectators on June 1.
Jeffrey Mann, chief operations officer of the US-based International Association of Venue Managers, called a 37 000-strong crowd “a very good test” and added: “It's very, very difficult to test a new venue under full capacity,”
“A test event at 37 000 people for a 60 000-capacity (arena) is fairly reasonable. That would count as nearly full,” Elliston agreed. “It's got to be over half full to be a good test.”
The temporary stands are unprotected against rain. Sao Paulo saw driving rain this week. Parts of the stadium roof also aren't finished and won't be until after the World Cup, leaving seats below exposed. Beattie noted that “people tend not to sit when it rains, they stand if they get wet,” and that can be a problem for temporary seating because “you've got the potential for more movement, which puts more stress on the structure.”
But experts also noted there's only so much planning stadium managers can do.
“At some stage, you have a full house for the first time,” said Martin Murphy, director of the Aviva Stadium in Dublin who oversaw its opening in 2010. “And it's only when you've had that that you know your systems work completely.”
Sapa-AP